ABSTRACT
Background: Saurashtra is claimed to be ‘stone belt’, even though there is paucity of epidemiological work on this issue; keeping in mind about this problem that ails most parts of the Saurashtra region, which is correctable and preventable, this study was undertaken.Methods: Radiologically diagnosed 100 patients with renal stone were enrolled and interviewed through a proforma approved by institutional ethical committee to study risk factors, clinical scenario, and urinary findings. Urine samples were collected from all the participants of the study and analyzed for the presence of crystals, red blood cells, pus cells as well as urine pH. Data was analyzed with help of EpiInfo™ 7 (CDC Atlanta).Results: Prevalence of renal stone was higher in males (72%); common in age group of 21-35 years. Common findings were recurrent flank pain (81%), gross hematuria (59 %) and renal colic (51%). Familial history (p<0.004), improper water drinking habit (p<0.002), lack of diet modification (p<0.001) according to stone type and stone analysis were found probable causes for the recurrence of stone. Calcium oxalate (75%) stone being the commonest followed by calcium phosphate (15%) and uric acid (7%).Conclusions: Results from this study can be applied in the clinical setting with the goal of reducing the likelihood of stone formation. Preventive measures such as change in diet, drinking behavior when properly addressed can ameliorate the situation in many patients with kidney stone. There is a great scope and role in finding crystals in urine with patients of kidney stone such as checking their compliance, guiding dietary therapy when stone analysis in not available, setting up an screening criteria and diagnosis of renal stone in remote settings where radio-logical investigations are not available.
ABSTRACT
Background: Dietary factors remain an entity attributed to a kidney stone and thus renal stone becomes more of a 'lifestyle' disease relying more on prevention for its amelioration than advanced and specific treatment modalities. Although there are various studies conducted in past to show importance of dietary modification in patient with kidney stone , no single study was conducted to identify perceived barriers in dietary modification by patient. Methods: Through this population based cross-sectional study, a total of 50 patients with a radiologically diagnosed ‘case’ of renal stone were enrolled in the study and interviewed through proforma approved by institutional ethical committee to study patients characteristics and perceived barriers in dietary modification. Data were analyzed with help of Epi Info™ 7 (CDC Atlanta). Results: Kidney stone prevalence is higher in men (66%) in compare to females and common with age group 31-40 years. Hindu caste (82%), low socioeconomic status (76%), and education less than 8th (42%) and not aware of need (62%) were common characteristics among them. Not clearly informed about benefits of Diet modification (54%) and Don't Remember (42%) constituted common barriers. Conclusions: Along with educating them regarding kidney stone disease it is important to identify all barriers at individualize level because motivating patients with kidney stones to maintain behavior for recommended diet, first requires an understanding of the factors influencing this behavior and approach should be tailored for individual patient.